Automation of ventilation systems
Ventilation in public and industrial buildings is necessary to remove contaminated or highly heated air and to supply clean air with parameters set for temperature and humidity.
At the same time, air exchange and air flow rate are determined according to regulatory requirements depending on the type of premises, technological processes and pollution intensity.
The use of automation to control the ventilation allows you to optimize their work and ensure effective air exchange in the premises to create comfortable conditions while people are in them.
Therefore, the availability of automation is of great importance in large and branched ventilation systems of industrial enterprises, public buildings, sports complexes, railway stations, airports and other large structures. A correctly selected and adjusted set is able to provide the most efficient and uninterrupted air exchange in any premises.
Technical tasks performed using automation
Automation of ventilation involves the installation of monitoring, control and actuating elements. Their joint work provides control of temperature, humidity, speed and air pressure within the ventilation chamber, in ducts, on air distribution devices and directly in the serviced rooms.
Properly designed, installed and adjusted scheme of automatic control of ventilation of premises or work areas allows to solve the following tasks:
- monitoring of climate control indicators and constant monitoring of the operability of the main ventilation equipment;
- storage of data on the operation and parameters of the supplied air for a long time;
- automatic maintenance and change of air supply modes to the serviced premises;
- switching on and off additional ventilation units depending on changes in microclimatic conditions, actual degree of load, time of day, and other changing conditions;
- automatic transition to summer or winter operation;
- monitoring the level of pollution of air filters, recuperators, heaters and other equipment;
- ensuring system shutdown in the event of a short circuit to prevent more serious damage;
- joint work with fire safety systems and turning off the air supply when a fire is detected;
- the ability to switch to manual operation.
As additional elements of automated control, a wireless remote control may be provided for making the necessary adjustments to the operation of the ventilation system. Such control can be done via the Internet, Wi-Fi or Bluetooth. As a result, control of the automatic system will become simple and convenient.
Features of industrial ventilation systems
Large branched ventilation systems of industrial workshops are characterized by large volumes of air exchange and the need to distribute air over individual working areas. Moreover, the climatic parameters of individual zones may vary significantly.
Therefore, the automatic air distribution system may include equipment control not only in the ventilation chamber, but also on the air distribution devices. To do this, sensors should be installed in the serviced working area, monitoring the temperature and humidity of the air, and, if necessary, about the speed of the air flow.
The organization of regulation can occur due to changes in the performance of the fan, heater, irrigation chamber and the installation of actuators on the air distribution grilles.
Automation Project Requirements
Long-term effective operation of an automated ventilation system can be ensured by the development of a project that provides for the ability to perform all the necessary tasks.
The design of such systems requires certain engineering knowledge, and therefore, proper development of a project can only be performed by a specialist of the appropriate profile, who has experience in using equipment from different manufacturers.
All automation devices are divided into three large groups:
- sensors that collect information about the state of the system and air parameters, and transmit it to processing;
- controllers and regulators that collect all the information from the sensors, process it and give signals for execution;
- executive mechanisms that ensure the execution of commands from regulators.
The main objective of the project is to draw up an automation circuit, which, when three groups of devices work together, will provide efficient air exchange to create comfortable indoor conditions during people’s stay.
Installation and commissioning
Modern technologies make it possible to create very complex automatic ventilation control systems. Therefore, their installation and subsequent commissioning, even in the presence of a well-developed project, should be performed by professionals. Any installation errors can lead to a violation of air exchange and create conditions for the impossible stay of people in the serviced rooms.
No less important issue will be the commissioning. At this stage, the quality control of ventilation as a whole is checked and all indicators are brought in line with the design assignment.
As a result, the proper operation of ventilation will ensure the creation of comfortable microclimatic conditions in rooms or in separate zones. The use of modern technology provides significant advantages, providing faster execution of the necessary commands and freeing maintenance staff. At the same time, the possibility of round-the-clock continuous operation is provided.
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